Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching is a double blind peer reviewed international journal biannually published by the Faculty of Literature, Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan, Indonesia. Publication is issued in June and December. Authors are encouraged to submit complete unpublished and original works or research results, which are not under review in any other journals. Manuscripts should follow the style of the journal and are subject to both review and editing. The scopes of the journal include, but not limited to, linguistics, literature and language teaching written in English.
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<![CDATA[PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PORTRAYED IN JANE AUSTEN’S EMMA ]]>
<![CDATA[Ali Sabri Abuhassan]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohd Nazri Latiff Azmi]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1387
<![CDATA[This paper investigates the bildungsroman phenomenon as depicted in Jane Austen’s Emma (1817) by consulting Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development as a framework of analysis. The most two conflicting readings in this regard could be best seen in Buckley’s (1974) claim which excluded Emma from the bildungsroman, for the genre has always been associated with the protagonist’s physical quest seeking maturity and social integration. However, Kohn (1995) read Emma as a domestic bildungsroman when he argued that Emma did not have to travel physical distances to achieve her maturity. For Kohn, Emma matured within her social sphere. This paper particularly traced Emma’s psychological and social development since this type of development is the basic ingredient of any bildungsroman novel. This paper argued that Emma cannot be read as bildungsroman not because the protagonist did set on a quest, as Buckley claimed, but mainly because Emma did not develop a sense of psychological or social maturation. After placing Emma in Erikson’s developmental stages, the study revealed that she did not really mature neither she realized her own identity. This paper proposed that Emma should not be classified as bildungsroman because the heroine distorted the real meaning of maturity and social integrity. ]]>
<![CDATA[REFLECTIVE THINKING STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING EFL LITERARY READING SKILLS AND METACOGNITIVE READING AWARENESS ]]>
<![CDATA[Eman Mahmoud Alian]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1867
<![CDATA[The present study is aimed at examining the effect of reflective thinking strategies on developing literary reading skills and metacognitive reading awareness of the EFL student teachers. The study adopted the quasi-experimental design. One experimental group of 40 major English students at the third-year Faculty of Education, Zagazig University in Egypt, participated in the study. The treatment conducted in fourteen sessions through teaching King Lear drama by Shakespeare. The utilized instruments included a literary reading test that was developed and used as a pre-post test and a metacognitive reading awareness scale, which was also designed by the researcher and approved by the jury members. Parametric statistical calculations have used for data analysis through the SPSS program. Results revealed that reflective thinking had a positive effect on developing literacy reading skills and metacognitive reading awareness of the EFL student teachers.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF CROSSWORD PUZZLE TEACHING STRATEGY TOWARDS STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY ]]>
<![CDATA[Friska Novi Silalahi]]>;
<![CDATA[Vivin Sunarko]]>;
<![CDATA[Nani Haro]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Ninta Tarigan]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1984
<![CDATA[This research is to find out that crossword puzzle teaching strategy gives a significant effect towards students’ vocabulary mastery at SMA Amir Hamzah Medan. The crossword puzzle is a kind of word game which can improve the learners to enrich their vocabulary knowledge. The research design used is pre-experimental design formed as one group pretest- posttest design using quantitative approach. The data collecting method is test. The research data are analyzed by applying paired samples t-test formula through SPSS 23 and the result of the research shows that the value of the t-count is 51,700, while the t-table with the significance level of 5% and Df of 12 is 2,179. The t-count is higher than the t-table (51,7002,179). This means that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected while the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. In conclusion, there is a significant effect towards students’ vocabulary mastery before and after having taught by the utilization of crossword puzzle teaching strategy at SMA Amir Hamzah Medan.]]>
<![CDATA[NARRATION AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION IN SELECTED NOVELS BY J.M.COETZEE: WAITING FOR BARBARIANS AND FOE ]]>
<![CDATA[Jihad Jaafar Waham]]>;
<![CDATA[Wan Mazlini Othoman]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1237
<![CDATA[Narrations become very important such that, we tend to try to make others want to fit into them to identify with us, which is why narrative is often used in the recount of events, the past, geared to justify the systems of domination and control evident in the plight of South Africans during the apartheid period. Moreover, the narrative also shelters realities against which the truth can be judged, and they also have some sense or measure of proper world order, against which moral action can be judged. As such, narration point of view can also be determined through the perspective the story is being told. Be it the first person narrative where the author or narrator refers to himself with the personal pronoun of I, me, my, myself, however, this mode of narration may also use second and third-person pronouns in addition to the first-person point. Wherefore, the second Person narrator sees the author or narrator addresses the reader directly as you, and may use the words we and us as well in the process. The third person pronouns still could be used in a novel, in addition, where the narrator or author refrains from using a first or second person and only refers to characters as he or she or it to demonstrate his narrative techniques in this process. To this effect narrative technique employed by J.M. Coetzee’s as accounted in the selected novels used for this paperwork to explore Coetzee’s capabilities of developing a true sense of self as well as communicate to others through the Narration]]>
<![CDATA[DYSFUNCTIONAL SEMANTIC ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN LITERARY TEXTS: A CASE STUDY ON HAROLD PINTER’S MOUNTAIN LANGUAGE ]]>
<![CDATA[Yadgar Faeq Saeed]]>;
<![CDATA[Areen Ahmed Muhammed]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1978
<![CDATA[Language and literature are two inseparable subjects, one of which cannot be fully functional with the absence of the second part. This article shows the dysfunction of semantics in Harold Pinter’s Mountain Language. For many years, scholars and linguists work separately on different cases regarding literary texts or linguistics obstacles. From this paper, a new path will be saved for future references and works to bring both cases together and show their roles on one another. Moreover, literary works pay less attention to grammatical rules and plenty of dysfunctional languages can be examined and seen. In addition, several external factors can be the obstacle of using functional and accurate language use semantically and systematically. Moreover, political or social violence have become major points in many literary topics in the modern era. This study deals with theoretical aspects of society starting from family up to community and government. Additionally, the absence of semantics in the language of this drama is not neglected arbitrarily; whilst, there is a loop of violence. There are some basic theories related to the topic that this paper will examine. It includes the theory of Grice’s maxims (Gricean maxims) and the role of semantics when it comes to politics and power. Finally, the paper alienates all the curtains and shows the role of power, gender differences, class status, and diversity on language use in many areas.]]>
<![CDATA[HATE SPEECH ACTS: A CASE IN BATU BARA ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahmadsyah Rangkuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Pratama]]>;
<![CDATA[Zulfan Zulfan]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i1.1998
<![CDATA[Hate speech acts that occur in the online realm expressed with words of prejudice and negative feelings are far more dangerous than in the offline realm. Hate speech is a new area in the study of illocutionary speech acts. This new area of speech acts becomes more interesting because every hate speech has various meanings or illocutionary forces based on speaker’s intention. This study aims to analyse the classifications and aims of illocutionary acts and illocutionary forces of hate speech contained in two face book group accounts related to Batu Bara district’s local election. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The data of this research are thirteen utterances/speeches of face book users in Batu Bara district’s local election group account. Data were collected using the documentation method with the help of referring technique. This method is used to observe the expression of the face book users’ hatred on issues related to social, cultural and political background on each candidate. Thirteen utterances analyzed are classified into assertive, directive and expressive and have illocutionary forces namely insulting, inciting and discriminating. This study indicates that hate speech can be identified linguistically.]]>
<![CDATA[CULTURAL VALUES OF POLITENESS IN EFL CLASSROOM: A STUDY OF ETNOGRAPHY OF COMMUNICATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitriyah Fitriyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Emzir Emzir]]>;
<![CDATA[Sakura Ridwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1965
<![CDATA[One of the purposes of learning English as a foreign language (EFL) is to be able to communicate. The Students must have communicative competence that does not only consist of linguistic competencies, but also socio-cultural ones. This paper aims to analyse the cultural themes of politeness strategies in EFL Classroom. The research in this paper focused on directive and expressive speech acts in EFL classroom. The participants of this study are three lecturers and the students of three English classes. The data are gathered by video audio by recording the lecturers’ utterances and students’ compliances to the lecturer, in order to find the politeness strategies and the cultural values in EFL classroom. The results show that; 1) There are seven kinds of cultural values of politeness strategies in EFL classroom, such as glorifying God, agreement, apologising, questioning, delivering praise, delivering thank you, and praying for others, 2) The lecturers and students dominantly use agreement and questioning in EFL Classroom. Thereby, this issue is relevant to EFL classes focusing on the improvement of both lecturers and students’ language and cultural skill. The analytical tool refers to the theories of Brown and Levinson’s positive and negative politeness, and the ethnography of communication method. The findings of this study will probably give insights into the pragmatic and conversational rules of EFL. The last part of this paper aims at summarizing that the implications that this paper are relevant to the strategies of teaching English as a Foreign Language.]]>
<![CDATA[UNDERSTANDING THE GENRE FEATURES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: A CASE STUDY ]]>
<![CDATA[Yi-Huey Guo]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1674
<![CDATA[Some researchers’ prejudiced attitude on qualitative research as non-scientific research seems to hinder the development of qualitative research in some Asian social science research communities. Nevertheless, the present study on a qualitative novice’s writing process found that the lowly formulaic style of qualitative research writing could be another reason that impedes such development as well. Novice researchers’ writing tends to follow model-imitation, which contradicts the lowly formulaic style of qualitative research writing. With the employment of a social approach on writing studies as the theoretical framework, this study treated academic writing as an activity influenced by the writer’s situated research community. The writer’s varied research attempts in thesis writing process such as the formulation of research questions, employment of research methods, interpretation of research results, and the like, were treated as his/her composing acts. By longitudinally observing one graduate student’s use of qualitative research in his thesis proposal writing process, the present study discussed the multifaceted nature of qualitative research and the need of teaching/learning qualitative research as a specific genre in academic writing. Related genre elements to be included in teaching qualitative research are addressed.]]>
<![CDATA[INCREASING TOEFL SCORE USING MIND MAPPING METHOD ]]>
<![CDATA[Evan Afri]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Khoiruddin Harahap]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1977
<![CDATA[English which is an international language has become an important requirement in the world of education. Standardization of English proficiency is measured by a TOEFL score in stages. Especially for students who are looking for scholarships at home and abroad, making the TOEFL score is a major requirement. International scholarships require a minimum TOEFL score of 550. This study is concerned with Mind Mapping strategies or techniques which can improve TOEFL scores. The implementation of this method is carried out for active students of Ganesha Polytechnic as a research sample through two stages, namely Pre-Test, and Final-Test. The number of samples used in this study is as many as 300 students consisting of semester 1, semester 3 and semester. Based on the results of trials with the Mind Mapping method with a duration of 3 months there is an increase in the TOEFL score between Pre-Test and Final Test.]]>
<![CDATA[BRIDE VALUE: A FEMINIST READING OF BUCHI EMECHETA’S THE BRIDE PRICE ]]>
<![CDATA[Zanyar Kareem Abdul]]>
<![CDATA[ Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 3, No 2: December 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30743/ll.v3i2.1993
<![CDATA[The Bride Price is one of the most influential modern novels authored by Buchi Emecheta through which the voice of a female character is expressed. The study has two points of discussion: the first deals with patriarchal society in which women suffer and become the only victims, and the second does with African culture from which Emecheta criticizes severely. Men have all the powers in controlling the whole family. The traditional society of Africa follows their culture as it is especially in paying the bride from the groom’s family. The paper aims at both men and women to keep this belief for the rest of their life no matter how modern the society has become. To some extent, the idea of “double colonization” proposed by Peterson and Rutherford (1986) will be identified in the paper and further explanation will be given. The paper also is an attempt to analyze the reflection of the African system related to marriage in the novel; as similar idea can be found in Iraqi Kurdistan that would be counted as the main objective behind writing the current paper. Furthermore, it shows some cultural similarities between both countries. By applying “double colonization” theory, the researcher confirms that Emecheta’s female characters suffer a traumatic experience in which they are controlled by two colonizers: the power of males and the reality of colonization. The researcher tries to send his messages through this paper out to avoid such conflicts and spread self and cultural awareness among the society.]]>
